Business groups aksar ek company se dusri company me cross-holding create karte hain – A company B me shares rakhti hai, B company C me, kabhi C wapas A me. Isse control structure complex ho jata hai.
Legally concern yeh hai ki aise webs:
- Real beneficial ownership ko hide na karein,
- Minority shareholders ko confuse na karein,
- Regulatory shareholding caps ko bypass na karein,
- Related party approvals se bachne ka jugad na ban jayein.
Consolidated financial statements, related party disclosure, and beneficial ownership filings isi risk ko tackle karne ki koshish karte hain.
Investors ko dekha chahiye ki kya profits artificially circular transactions se inflate ho rahe hain, ya loans intra-group maze me ghoom rahe hain. Complex structure hamesha fraud nahi hota, par red flag zaroor ho sakta hai.
